Be Thankful

Food & Gratitude 

The Cow (2:172) 


يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ كُلُوا۟ مِن طَيِّبَـٰتِ مَا رَزَقْنَـٰكُمْ وَٱشْكُرُوا۟ لِلَّهِ إِن كُنتُمْ إِيَّاهُ تَعْبُدُونَ ١٧٢


O believers! Eat from the good things We have provided for you. And give thanks to Allah if you ˹truly˺ worship Him ˹alone˺.

— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, The Clear Quran


O you who believe, eat of the good things We have provided to you and be grateful to Allah, if it is He whom you worship (in real terms).

— T. Usmani


O you who have believed, eat from the good [i.e., lawful] things which We have provided for you and be grateful to Allāh if it is [indeed] Him that you worship.

— Saheeh International


You who believe, eat the good things We have provided for you and be grateful to God, if it is Him that you worship.

— M.A.S. Abdel Haleem


  O you who believe (in the Oneness of Allâh - Islâmic Monotheism)! Eat of the lawful things that We have provided you[1] with, and be grateful to Allâh, if it is indeed He Whom you worship.

— Al-Hilali & Khan

[1](V.2:172) Narrated An-Nu‘mân bin Bashîr رضي الله عنه: I heard Allâh’s Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم saying, 'Both legal and illegal things are evident but in between them there are doubtful (unclear) things, and most of the people have no knowledge about them. So whoever saves himself from these unclear things, he saves his religion and his honour. And whoever indulges in these unclear things is like a shepherd who grazes (his animals) near the Himâ (private pasture) of someone else, and at any moment he is liable to get in it. (O people!) Beware! Every king has a Himâ and the Himâ of Allâh عز وجل on the earth is His illegal (forbidden) things. Beware! There is a piece of flesh in the body if it becomes good (reformed), the whole body becomes good, but if it gets spoilt, the whole body gets spoilt and that is the heart.' (Sahih Al-Bukhâri, Vol.1, Hadîth No.49).


Believers! Eat of the pure things wherewith We have provided you for sustenance and give thanks to Allah1 if it is Him that you serve.

— A. Maududi (Tafhim commentary)

[1]The believers are told that if by having believed they have committed themselves to following the Law of God as they claim then they should abandon all taboos and prohibitions imposed by the pundits and priests, by the rabbis and church fathers, by the monks and recluses, and by their own forefathers. Although they were required to abstain from whatever had been prohibited by God, they ought to feel no compunction with regard to consuming all that He had permitted. This has also been alluded to in the saying of the Prophet reported in a Tradition in the following words: 'Whoever prays in our manner, turns towards our qiblah (in Prayer), and eats (the flesh) of our slaughtered (animals), that person is Muslim. (Bukhari, 'K. al-Salah', 28; 'K. al-Adahi', 12; Muslim, 'K. al-Adahi', 6; Nasai, 'K. al-lman', 9; 'K. al-Dahaya', 17 - Ed.) This means that in spite of praying and facing towards the qiblah, a person is not fully assimilated into Islam as long as he maintains the pre-Islamic taboos in matters of eating and drinking and holds on to the fetters of superstition forged by the victims of Ignorance. A person's adherence to these taboos is indicative of the fact that the poison of Ignorance continues to flow in his veins.


O ye who believe! Eat of the good things wherewith We have provided you, and render thanks to Allah if it is (indeed) He Whom ye worship.

— M. Pickthall


O ye who believe! Eat of the good things that We have provided for you, and be grateful to Allah, if it is Him ye worship.

— A. Yusuf Ali


اے ایمان لانے والو ! اگر تم حقیقت میں اللہ ہی کی بندگی کرنے والے ہو ، تو پاک چیزیں ہم نے تمہیں بخشی ہیں انہیں بےتکلف کھاؤ اور اللہ کا شکر ادا کرو ۔

— Fe Zilal al-Qur'an


اے لوگو جو ایمان لائے ہو، اگر تم حقیقت میں اللہ ہی کی بندگی کرنے والے ہو تو جو پاک چیزیں ہم نے تمہیں بخشی ہیں انہیں بےتکلف کھاؤ اور اللہ کا شکر ادا کرو۔1

— Tafheem e Qur'an - Syed Abu Ali Maududi

[1]یعنی اگر تم ایمان لا کر صرف خدائی قانون کے پَیرو بن چکے ہو، جیسا کہ تمہارا  دعویٰ ہے تو پھر وہ ساری چھُوت چھات، اور زمانہء جاہلیّت کی وہ ساری بندشیں اور  پابندیاں توڑ ڈالو جو پنڈتوں اور پروہتوں نے ، ربّیوں اور پادریوں نے ، جوگیوں اور  راہبوں نے اور تمہارے باپ دادا نے قائم کی تھیں۔ جو کچھ خدا نے حرام کیا ہے اس سے  تو ضرور بچو، مگر جن چیزوں کو خدا نے حلال کیا ہے انہیں بغیر کسی کراہت اور رکاوٹ  کے کھاؤ  پیو۔ اسی مضمون کی طرف نبی صلی  اللہ علیہ وسلم کی وہ حدیث بھِ اشارہ کرتی ہے جس میں آپ ؐ نے فرمایا کہ  مَنْ صَلّٰی صَلوٰ تَنَا و َ اسْتَقْبَلَ قِبْلَتَنَا  وَاَکَلَ ذَبِیْحَتَنَا فَذٰلِکَ الْمُسْلِمُالخ یعنی جس نے وہی نماز پڑھی جو ہم پڑھتے ہیں اور اسی  قبلے کی طرف رُخ کیا جس کی طرف ہم رُخ کر تے ہیں اور ہمارے ذبیحے کو کھایا وہ  مسلمان ہے۔ مطلب یہ ہے کہ نماز پڑھنے اور قبلے کی طرف رُخ کرنے کے باوجود ایک شخص  اس وقت تک اسلام میں پوری طرح جذب نہیں ہوتا جب تک کہ وہ کھانے پینے کے معاملے میں  پچھلی جاہلیّت کی پابندیوں کو توڑ نہ دے اور اُں توہّمات کی بندشوں سے آزاد نہ ہو  جائے جو اہلِ جاہلیّت نے قائم  کر رکھی تھیں۔  کیونکہ اُس کا اُن پابندیوں پر قائم رہنا اِس بات کی علامت ہے کہ ابھی تک اُس کی  رگ و پے میں جاہلیّت کا زہر موجود ہے۔


اے ایمان والو! جو پاکیزه چیزیں ہم نے تمہیں دے رکھی ہیں انہیں کھاؤ، پیو اور اللہ تعالیٰ کا شکر کرو، اگر تم خاص اسی کی عبادت کرتے ہو۔[1]

— Maulana Muhammad Junagarhi

[1]اس میں اہل ایمان کو ان تمام پاکیزہ چیزوں کے کھانے کا حکم ہے جو اللہ نے حلال کی ہیں اور اس پر اللہ کا شکر ادا کرنے کی تاکید ہے۔ اس سے ایک تو یہ معلوم ہوا کہ اللہ کی حلال کردہ چیزیں ہی پاک اور طیب ہیں، حرام کردہ اشیا پاک نہیں، چاہے وہ نفس کو کتنی ہی مرغوب ہوں (جیسے اہل یورپ کو سور کا گوشت بڑا مرغوب ہے) دوسرایہ کہ بتوں کے نام پر منسوب جانوروں اور اشیا کو مشرکین اپنے اوپر جو حرام کرلیتے تھے (جس کی تفصیل سورۂ الانعام میں ہے) مشرکین کا یہ عمل غلط ہے اور اس طرح ایک حلال چیز حرام نہیں ہوتی، تم ان کی طرح ان کو حرام مت کرو (حرام صرف وہی ہیں جس کی تفصیل اس کے بعد والی آیت میں ہے) ، تیسرا یہ کہ اگر تم صرف ایک اللہ کے عبادت گزار ہو تو ادائے شکر کا اہتمام کرو۔


اے اہل ایمان جو پاکیزہ چیزیں ہم نے تم کو عطا فرمائیں ہیں ان کو کھاؤ اور اگر خدا ہی کے بندے ہو تو اس (کی نعمتوں) کا شکر بھی ادا کرو

— Fatah Muhammad Jalandhari


اے اہل ایمان ! کھاؤ ان تمام پاکیزہ چیزوں میں سے جو ہم نے تمہیں دی ہیں اور اللہ کا شکر ادا کرو اگر تم واقعتا اسی کی عبادت کرنے والے ہو

— ((بیان القرآن (ڈاکٹر اسرار احمد)


اے ایمان والو کھاؤ پاکیزہ چیزیں جو روزی دی ہم نے تم کو اور شکر کرو اللہ کا اگر تم اسی کےبندے ہو [1]

— Shaykh al-Hind Mahmud al-Hasan(with Tafsir E Usmani)

[1]مسلمانوں کو اکل حلال کا حکم:اکل طیبات کا حکم اوپر گذر چکا تھا لیکن مشرکین چونکہ شیطان کی پیروی سے باز نہیں آتے اور احکام اپنی طرف سے بنا کر اللہ کے اوپر لگاتے ہیں اور اپنے رسوم باطلہ آبائی کو نہیں چھوڑتے اور حق بات سمجھنے کی ان میں گنجائش ہی نہیں تو اب ان سے اعراض فرما کر خاص مسلمانوں کو اکل طیبات کا حکم فرمایا گیا اور اپنا انعام ظاہر کر کے ادائے شکر کا امر کیا گیا اس میں اہل ایمان کے مقبول اور مطیع ہونے کی جانب اور مشرکین کے مردود و معتوب و نافرمان ہونے کی طرف اشارہ ہو گیا۔


Aey logon jo iman laye ho, agar tum haqeeqat mein Allah hi ki bandagi karne waley ho to jo paak cheezein humne tumhein bakshi hain unhein be-takalluf khao aur Allah ka shukar ada karo

— Abul Ala Maududi(Roman Urdu)


اے ایمان والو، ہماری دی ہوئی پاک چیزوں کو کھاؤ اور اللہ کا شکر ادا کرو اگر تم اس کی عبادت کرنے والے ہو

— Maulana Wahiduddin Khan

[https://quran.com/2/172]


'Halal' (Permitted) and 'Haram' (Forbidden) are declarations that only Allah can make. He has not permitted anyone else to declare any food as 'halal' or 'haram', as mentioned in Surah anNahl (Q16:114-116): 

The Bee (16:114-116)


16:114

فَكُلُوا۟ مِمَّا رَزَقَكُمُ ٱللَّهُ حَلَـٰلًۭا طَيِّبًۭا وَٱشْكُرُوا۟ نِعْمَتَ ٱللَّهِ إِن كُنتُمْ إِيَّاهُ تَعْبُدُونَ ١١٤

Then eat of what Allāh has provided for you [which is] lawful and good. And be grateful for the favor of Allāh, if it is [indeed] Him that you worship.


16:115

إِنَّمَا حَرَّمَ عَلَيْكُمُ ٱلْمَيْتَةَ وَٱلدَّمَ وَلَحْمَ ٱلْخِنزِيرِ وَمَآ أُهِلَّ لِغَيْرِ ٱللَّهِ بِهِۦ ۖ فَمَنِ ٱضْطُرَّ غَيْرَ بَاغٍۢ وَلَا عَادٍۢ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌۭ رَّحِيمٌۭ ١١٥

He has only forbidden to you dead animals,[1] blood, the flesh of swine, and that which has been dedicated to other than Allāh. But whoever is forced [by necessity], neither desiring [it] nor transgressing [its limit] - then indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.

[1]- Those not slaughtered or hunted expressly for food.


16:116

وَلَا تَقُولُوا۟ لِمَا تَصِفُ أَلْسِنَتُكُمُ ٱلْكَذِبَ هَـٰذَا حَلَـٰلٌۭ وَهَـٰذَا حَرَامٌۭ لِّتَفْتَرُوا۟ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ ٱلْكَذِبَ ۚ إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَفْتَرُونَ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ ٱلْكَذِبَ لَا يُفْلِحُونَ ١١٦

And do not say about what your tongues assert of untruth, "This is lawful and this is unlawful," to invent falsehood about Allāh. Indeed, those who invent falsehood about Allāh will not succeed.

[https://quran.com/16/114-116, Translator: Saheeh International]

...

Surah alMaidah begins with the commandment to the believers to honour your obligations / contracts (Q5:1  اَوۡفُوۡا بِالۡعُقُوۡدِ​). Then it goes on to list the sacrificial animals, animals not permissible to hunt when in pilgrim garb; the prohibition against violating the sanctity of Allah's symbols and marks, sacred months, animals marked for sacrifice, the garlands, the pilgrims; you may hunt after you come out of the state of 'ihram' (intention and garb of pilgrimage); do not transgress; cooperate in alBirr and atTaqwa, and do not cooperate in alIthm and alUdhwan; and keep your duty to Allah, indeed Allah is very severe in retribution.    Then it lists the 'haram' that is forbidden to eat, explains in detail, and states that:

... وَاخۡشَوۡنِ​ ؕ اَ لۡيَوۡمَ اَكۡمَلۡتُ لَـكُمۡ دِيۡنَكُمۡ وَاَ تۡمَمۡتُ عَلَيۡكُمۡ نِعۡمَتِىۡ وَرَضِيۡتُ لَـكُمُ الۡاِسۡلَامَ دِيۡنًا​ ؕ ...

... , fear Me! This day have I perfected your religion for you and completed My favour unto you, and have chosen for you as religion al-Islam. ...

[From Al-Quran 5:3, Translation: M. Pickthall]

So, almost everything is permissible to eat, except those four specifically listed, as mentioned again in Q6:145; and lists the things forbidden towards the end at Q6:151-153, which are not about food. It is about the commandments of Allah, and upholding the commandments in all acts of worship, and gratitude, and service, and obedience. 


So, reading Q2:172 in context: 


The Cow (2:168-177)

2:168

يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّاسُ كُلُوا۟ مِمَّا فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ حَلَـٰلًۭا طَيِّبًۭا وَلَا تَتَّبِعُوا۟ خُطُوَٰتِ ٱلشَّيْطَـٰنِ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّۭ مُّبِينٌ ١٦٨

O mankind, eat from whatever is on earth [that is] lawful and good and do not follow the footsteps of Satan. Indeed, he is to you a clear enemy.

2:169

إِنَّمَا يَأْمُرُكُم بِٱلسُّوٓءِ وَٱلْفَحْشَآءِ وَأَن تَقُولُوا۟ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ مَا لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ١٦٩

He only orders you to evil and immorality and to say about Allāh what you do not know.

2:170

وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمُ ٱتَّبِعُوا۟ مَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ قَالُوا۟ بَلْ نَتَّبِعُ مَآ أَلْفَيْنَا عَلَيْهِ ءَابَآءَنَآ ۗ أَوَلَوْ كَانَ ءَابَآؤُهُمْ لَا يَعْقِلُونَ شَيْـًۭٔا وَلَا يَهْتَدُونَ ١٧٠

And when it is said to them, "Follow what Allāh has revealed," they say, "Rather, we will follow that which we found our fathers doing." Even though their fathers understood nothing, nor were they guided?

2:171

وَمَثَلُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ كَمَثَلِ ٱلَّذِى يَنْعِقُ بِمَا لَا يَسْمَعُ إِلَّا دُعَآءًۭ وَنِدَآءًۭ ۚ صُمٌّۢ بُكْمٌ عُمْىٌۭ فَهُمْ لَا يَعْقِلُونَ ١٧١

The example of those who disbelieve is like that of one who shouts at what hears nothing but calls and cries [i.e., cattle or sheep] - deaf, dumb and blind, so they do not understand.

2:172

يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ كُلُوا۟ مِن طَيِّبَـٰتِ مَا رَزَقْنَـٰكُمْ وَٱشْكُرُوا۟ لِلَّهِ إِن كُنتُمْ إِيَّاهُ تَعْبُدُونَ ١٧٢

O you who have believed, eat from the good [i.e., lawful] things which We have provided for you and be grateful to Allāh if it is [indeed] Him that you worship.

2:173

إِنَّمَا حَرَّمَ عَلَيْكُمُ ٱلْمَيْتَةَ وَٱلدَّمَ وَلَحْمَ ٱلْخِنزِيرِ وَمَآ أُهِلَّ بِهِۦ لِغَيْرِ ٱللَّهِ ۖ فَمَنِ ٱضْطُرَّ غَيْرَ بَاغٍۢ وَلَا عَادٍۢ فَلَآ إِثْمَ عَلَيْهِ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌۭ رَّحِيمٌ ١٧٣

He has only forbidden to you dead animals,[1] blood, the flesh of swine, and that which has been dedicated to other than Allāh. But whoever is forced [by necessity], neither desiring [it] nor transgressing [its limit], there is no sin upon him. Indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.

[1]- Those not slaughtered or hunted expressly for food.

2:174

إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَكْتُمُونَ مَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ مِنَ ٱلْكِتَـٰبِ وَيَشْتَرُونَ بِهِۦ ثَمَنًۭا قَلِيلًا ۙ أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ مَا يَأْكُلُونَ فِى بُطُونِهِمْ إِلَّا ٱلنَّارَ وَلَا يُكَلِّمُهُمُ ٱللَّهُ يَوْمَ ٱلْقِيَـٰمَةِ وَلَا يُزَكِّيهِمْ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ ١٧٤

Indeed, they who conceal what Allāh has sent down of the Book and exchange it for a small price - those consume not into their bellies except the Fire. And Allāh will not speak to them on the Day of Resurrection, nor will He purify them. And they will have a painful punishment.

2:175

أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱشْتَرَوُا۟ ٱلضَّلَـٰلَةَ بِٱلْهُدَىٰ وَٱلْعَذَابَ بِٱلْمَغْفِرَةِ ۚ فَمَآ أَصْبَرَهُمْ عَلَى ٱلنَّارِ ١٧٥

Those are the ones who have exchanged guidance for error and forgiveness for punishment. How patient they are for [i.e., in pursuit of] the Fire!

2:176

ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ نَزَّلَ ٱلْكِتَـٰبَ بِٱلْحَقِّ ۗ وَإِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱخْتَلَفُوا۟ فِى ٱلْكِتَـٰبِ لَفِى شِقَاقٍۭ بَعِيدٍۢ ١٧٦

That is [deserved by them] because Allāh has sent down the Book in truth. And indeed, those who differ over the Book are in extreme dissension.

2:177

۞ لَّيْسَ ٱلْبِرَّ أَن تُوَلُّوا۟ وُجُوهَكُمْ قِبَلَ ٱلْمَشْرِقِ وَٱلْمَغْرِبِ وَلَـٰكِنَّ ٱلْبِرَّ مَنْ ءَامَنَ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلْيَوْمِ ٱلْـَٔاخِرِ وَٱلْمَلَـٰٓئِكَةِ وَٱلْكِتَـٰبِ وَٱلنَّبِيِّـۧنَ وَءَاتَى ٱلْمَالَ عَلَىٰ حُبِّهِۦ ذَوِى ٱلْقُرْبَىٰ وَٱلْيَتَـٰمَىٰ وَٱلْمَسَـٰكِينَ وَٱبْنَ ٱلسَّبِيلِ وَٱلسَّآئِلِينَ وَفِى ٱلرِّقَابِ وَأَقَامَ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَءَاتَى ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ وَٱلْمُوفُونَ بِعَهْدِهِمْ إِذَا عَـٰهَدُوا۟ ۖ وَٱلصَّـٰبِرِينَ فِى ٱلْبَأْسَآءِ وَٱلضَّرَّآءِ وَحِينَ ٱلْبَأْسِ ۗ أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ ٱلَّذِينَ صَدَقُوا۟ ۖ وَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْمُتَّقُونَ ١٧٧

Righteousness is not that you turn your faces toward the east or the west, but [true] righteousness is [in] one who believes in Allāh, the Last Day, the angels, the Book, and the prophets and gives wealth, in spite of love for it, to relatives, orphans, the needy, the traveler, those who ask [for help], and for freeing slaves; [and who] establishes prayer and gives zakāh; [those who] fulfill their promise when they promise; and [those who] are patient in poverty and hardship and during battle. Those are the ones who have been true, and it is those who are the righteous.

[https://quran.com/2/168-177, Translator: Saheeh International]


True gratitude is evident from the practical obedience and adherence to the guidance in The Book. 

The term ٱلْبِرَّ is achieving a state of pristine purity. 


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l-Baru (الْبَرُّ) 

The State of Muslims in the twenty-first century 

Gratitude & Its Manifestation 




Last updated on: October 17, 2025


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